Life cycle assessment for sustainability assessment of biofuels and bioproducts

Bio-based materials have been used traditionally for millennia. Their use was overtaken in recent times by the discovery and utilization of fossil-based resources energy. However, concerns about non-renewability fossil greenhouse gas other emissions associated with their brought forth a renewed interest using bio-based years. The environmental advantages cannot be taken granted without rigorous scientific assessment. Many tools based on energy, economics, impacts used. Life cycle assessment is one such tool developed successfully utilized biofuels bioproducts. many methodological challenges, among things related to system boundaries, functional units, allocation, carbon accounting, still need further research consideration. In this work, issues are summarized, directions addressing them discussed. Despite challenges assessment, bioproducts show promise terms compared fossil-oriented counterparts. These can enhanced utilizing all parts feedstock biomass, especially value-added chemicals via biorefineries.